References

Abdel Maged, M.S.H. (1994) Water Logging Phenomena in the North of the Delta Region, MSc. thesis, Fac. of Sci., Cairo Univ, Egypt, 1994.

Abdel-Razik, M.S.M., Rizk, H.I.I., Hassan, M.H.M. (2017) Surveillance of communicable diseases for decision making in Egypt: 2006–2013, East. Mediterr. Health J., 23(6): 395–403. https://doi.org/10.26719/2017.23.6.395

Aller, L., Bennet, T., Lehr, J.H., Petty, R.J. (1985) DRASTIC: Standardized System for Evaluating Ground Water Pollution Potential Using Hydrogeologic Settings. US EPA, Oklahoma.

Aller L, Bennet T., Leher J.H., Petty R.J., Hackett G. (1987), DRASTIC: A Standardized System for Evaluating Groundwater Pollution Potential Using Hydrogeological Settings. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA 600/2-87-035; 622.

Armanuos A.M., Negm, A., Yoshimura, C., Valeriano, O.C.S. (2016) Application of WetSpass model to estimate groundwater recharge variability in the Nile Delta aquifer. Arab. J. Geosci. 9: 553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-016-2580-x

Arlt, H.D., (1995) hydrogeological study of the NDA with emphasis on SWI in the northern Area, Mitteilung/Institut fur Wasserbau und Wasserwirtschaft, Technische Universit at Berlin, Nr. 130, OCLC No. 636899992, pp. 291–302.

Barbosa, M.R.F., Garcia, S.C., Bruni, A.D.C., Machado, F.S., de Oliveira, R.X., Dropa, M., da Costa, A.C., Leal, E., Brandão, C.J., da Silva, R.L.O., Iko, B.Y. (2022) One-year surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater from vulnerable urban communities in metropolitan São Paulo, Brazil. J. Water Health, 20(2): 471–490. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2022.210

Briffett, A., Houlden, L., Kirk, S., McMahon, A., Miles, P., Stephenson, R., Walker, E., (1996) Groundwater Pollution Research Reviews. Geraghty and Miller International, Inc Conqueror House, Vision Park, Histon. Cambridge, 85 p.

Capmas (2021). The Central Agency for Mobilization and Statistics reports for the year 2021.

Civita, M.V. (2010). The combined approach when assessing and mapping groundwater vulnerability to contamination. J. Water Resour. Protect., 2(1): 1185. doi:10.4236/jwarp.2010.21003

CONOCO, Co. (1987) The geological map of Egypt. Scale 1:500.000. General Petrol. Co., Cairo.

Dahab, K., (1993) Hydrogeological evaluation of the ND after High Dam construction, Ph.D. thesis, Fac. of Sci., Menoufia Univ, Egypt.

Daleiden, B., Niederstätter, H., Steinlechner, M., Wildt, S., Kaiser, M., Lass-Flörl, C., Posch, W., Fuchs, S., Pfeifer, B., Huber, A., Oberacher, H. (2022) Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Austria: development, implementation, and operation of the Tyrolean wastewater monitoring program. J. Water Health 20(2): 314–328. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2022.218

Diab, M. S., Dahab, K., El Fakharany, M., (1997) Impacts of the paleohydrological conditions on the groundwater quality in the northern part of ND, Geol. Soc. Egypt, Geol. J. 41(2B): 779–795.

Elewa, H.H., El Nahry, A.H. (2009) Hydro-environmental status and soil management of the River Nile Delta, Egypt. Environ. Geol (2009) 57:759–774, doi:10.1007/s00254-008-1354-5

Farid, M.S. (1985) Management of groundwater system in the ND, Ph.D. thesis, Fac. of Eng., Cairo Univ, Egypt.

Foster, S., Hirata, R., Gomes, D., Delia, M., Paris, M. (2002) Groundwater Quality Protection: A Guide for Water Utilities, Municipal Authorities, and Environment Agencies. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank: Washington, DC, USA.

Hegazy, D., El-Bastaweesy, M., Garamoon, H., Melegy, A., Elsaid, M.A. (2018) The impacts of human and agriculture activities on the groundwater quality in Motorod, Abu Zabal, East Nile Delta, Egypt, Al Azhar Bull. Sci., 29(2): 59–71. https://doi.org/10.21608/absb.2018.60531

Hossain, S.M.S, Haque, M.E., Pramanik, M.A,H., Jalal Uddin, M., Al Harun, M.A.Y. (2020) Assessing the groundwater quality and health risk: A case study on Setabganj sugar mills limited, Dinajpur, Bangladesh, Wat. Sci., 34(1): 110–123, https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2020.1790184

Kim, Y.J., Hamm, S.Y. (1999) Assessment of the potential for groundwater contamination using the DRASTIC/EGIS technique, Cheongju area, South Korea. Hydrogeol. J., 7(2): 227–235. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100400050195

Leaven, M.T., (1991) Hydrogeological study of the ND and adjacent desert areas, Egypt, with emphasis on hydrochemistry and isotope hydrology, thesis, Free Univ, Amsterdam, also published by RIGW/IWACO as technical note TN 77.01300-91-01, 1991.

Lodwick, W.A., Monson, W., Svoboda, L. (1990) Attribute error and sensitivity analysis of map operations in geographical information systems: suitability analysis. Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Syst., 4(4): 413–428. https://doi.org/10.1080/02693799008941556

Lynch, S.D., Reynders, A.G., Schulze, R.E., (1997) A DRASTIC approach to groundwater vulnerability in South Africa. S. Afr. J. Sci., 93(2): 59–60.

Masterson, J.P., Garabedian, S.P., (2007) Effects of sea-level rise on groundwater flow in a coastal aquifer system, Groundwater J., 45: 209–217. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00279.x

Morsy, W.S. (2009). Environmental Management to Groundwater Resources for Nile Delta Region, PhD thesis, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt.

Napolitano, P., Fabbri, A.G. (1996) Single parameter sensitivity analysis for aquifer vulnerability assessment using DRASTIC and SINTACS. HydroGIS 96: Application of Geographic Information Systems in Hydrology and Water Resources Management (Proc. Vienna Conf., April 1996), IAHS Publ. No. 235: 559–566.

Nyanganji, J.K., Abdullahi, J., Noma, I.U.S., (2011) Groundwater quality and related waterborne diseases in Dass town, Bauchi state, Nigeria. J. Environ. Issues Agric. Develop. Countriess, 3(2): 133–148.

RIGW (1992), Hydrogeo. map of ND, Scale 1: 500,000, 1st Ed., ND, Research Institute for Groundwater, Egypt.

Ribeiro, L. (2000) SI a new index of aquifer susceptibility to agricultural pollution. Internal report, ER-SHA/CVRM, Lisbon Portugal.

Rizka, M. (2018). Comparative studies of groundwater vulnerability assessment, IOP Conf. Ser.: Global Colloquium on Geosciences and Engineering 2017, IOP Conf. Series: Earth Environ. Sci. 118: 012018, doi:10.1088/1755-1315/118/1/012018

Róka, E., Déri, D., Khayer, B., Kis, Z., Schuler, E., Magyar, N., Pályi, B., Pándics, T., Vargha, M. (2022) SARS-CoV-2 variant detection from wastewater: rapid spread of B. 1.1. 7 lineages in Hungary. J. Water Health, 20(2): 277–286. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2022.179

Rosen, L. (1994) A study of the DRASTIC methodology with emphasis on Swedish conditions. Groundwater 32(2): 278–285. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1994.tb00642.x

Rupert, M.G. (2001) Calibration of the DRASTIC groundwater vulnerability mapping method. Groundwater 39(4): 625–630. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2001.tb02350.x

Sherif, M., Sefelnasr, A., Javad, A. (2012) Incorporating the concept of equivalent freshwater head in successive horizontal simulations of seawater intrusion in the NDA, Egypt, Hydrol. J. 464–465: 186–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.07.007

Stempvoort, D.V., Evert, L., Wassenaar, L. (1993) Aquifer vulnerability index: a GIS compatible method for groundwater vulnerability mapping. Canad. Water Resour. J., 18: 25–37. https://doi.org/10.4296/cwrj1801025

Stigter, T.Y., Ribeiro, L., Carvalho Dill, A.M.M. (2006) Evaluation of an intrinsic and a specific vulnerability assessment method in comparison with groundwater salinisation and nitrate contamination levels in two agricultural regions in the south of Portugal. Hydrogeol. J. 14: 79–99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-004-0396-3

Tibbetts, J. (2000) Water world 2000. Environ. Health Perspect., 108(2): A69–A73. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.108-1637896

Warner, J.W., Gates, T.G., Attia, F.A., Mankarious, W.F. (1991) Vertical leakage in Egypt’s Nile Valley: estimation and implications, J. Irrig. Drain Eng.-ASCE J. 117(4): 515–533. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(1991)117:4(515)

Wolff, P. (1987) The problem of drainage and its solution in the Nile Valley and ND, Natural Res. Develop. J. 25: 62–73.